Largely, I’ve learned those I find most useful. Minimize. Hide. Hide All. Preview. Open. Switch application (forwards and backwards). Application specific shortcuts. But always, several shortcuts were missing. Specifically, those to…

• maximize/restore the current window
• label files with specific colors
• show all windows

Then AppleScript and Butler came into my life…

First, I installed the Butler tool to hook keyboard shortcuts into AppleScripts. Next, under the Hidden section of Butler’s configuration page, I created several scripts, one for each function.

Butler Configuration Page

• Maximize Frontmost Window
• Finder Labels (Container of 9 colors)
• Show All

This is the script for Maximize Frontmost Window

tell application “System Events”
   if UI elements enabled then
      set FrontApplication to (get name of every process whose frontmost is true) as string
      tell process FrontApplication
         click button 2 of window 1
         –button 2 is the green “zoom” button for all applications
         –window 1 is always the frontmost window.
      end tell
   else
      tell application “System Preferences”
         activate
         set current pane to pane “com.apple.preference.universalaccess”
         display dialog “UI element scripting is not enabled. Check ‘Enable access for assistive devices’”
      end tell
   end if
end tell

This is a sample of the first color script (None).

property file_color : 0 –none

tell application “Finder”
   activate
   set selected to selection
   repeat with n_file in every item in selected
      set label index of n_file to file_color
   end repeat
end tell

For the other color scripts, alter the value of file_color. The file_color value / color associations are: 0/None, 2/Red, 1/Orange, 3/Yellow, 6/Green, 4/Blue, 5/Purple, 7/Gray. Note that Finder lists the colors in a totally different order (1/Red, 2/Orange, …). This affects the triggers that you will associate with these scripts.

This is the Show All script:

tell application “System Events”
   set visible of every application process whose visible is false and background only is false to true
end tell

Last, I asked Butler to associate particular triggers with these AppleScripts.

• ^M for maximize/restore
• Cmd+Opt+L to list the color scripts (associate this command with the container in Butler that has all the scripts beneath it)
• Cmd+Opt+X with None for file coloration
• Cmd+Opt+<n> with file color <n>
• Cmd+Opt+Shift+H with Show All

And that’s a wrap!

I typically publish a single e-mail address which is hosted by a Linux server running qmail. I collect e-mail from diverse sources here and forward it to GMail, which I use mostly as a client, preferring my own domain(s) to the @gmail.com domain.

The solution is simple, effective, and might it be useful for you, too?

First, my ~/.qmail file.

|bouncesaying ‘Your message failed to deliver. If you believe there has been an error, please contact the intended recipient by another means to verify their information.’ ~dulles/bin/blacklist.rb
&a_gmail_acct_where_i_read_mail@gmail.com

Next, my blacklist, kept in ~/.blacklist

xyz@bad_man.com
you_know_who_you_are@nutjob.net

Last, the little ruby script mentioned above.

#!/usr/bin/ruby

def send_it
   # puts “Sending it!”
   exit 1
end

def bounce_it
   # puts “Bouncing it!”
   exit 0
end

# Initial blacklist
blacklist = Array.new

# Open the blacklist file and grab the addresses
blacklist_source = File.open(File.expand_path(”~dulles/.blacklist”,”r”))
blacklist_source.each_line { |addr|
   blacklist.push(addr.chomp)
}
blacklist_source.close

# Grab the message and parse out the from line
message = STDIN.readlines.join
message =~ /^from:\s+.*?(\w+@\w+\.\w+).*?$/i
sender = $1
#puts “Sender is “+sender

# No sender? Just continue sending the message
if(sender.nil?) then send_it end

# If the sender matches anybody on the blacklist, bounce!
blacklist.each { |blocked_addr|
   if sender.downcase == blocked_addr.downcase then bounce_it end
}

# default action: send the message
send_it

This document is intended for those with some familiarity with Linux and Debian, though anybody willing to read the documentation here-linked is welcome to sit back, relax, and enjoy learning a lot of nitty-gritty about Linux. Many of the drivers and hardware I’ve been able to get running are thanks to my custom kernel. There are lots of notes under that section which may be applicable to several devices, so please peruse that section

Installation Notes

I chose to use Debian unstable because it is the Linux distribution I am most familiar with. I like it very much for its excellent package management system, ease of updatability, and general cleanliness. I used a sarge (testing) net-install CD. The ISO is available from http://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/.

I selected the boot option to use (and install) the 2.6.8 kernel with grub. I had to disable Legacy USB support in the BIOS for the installer to work correctly. I have no turned it back on, and by USB support still works great.

One of the first things I did after installing was switch from Debian testing (sarge) to unstable (sid). I checked the mirrors list and now my /etc/apt/sources.list looks something like this:

deb ftp://debian.lcs.mit.edu/debian/ unstable main
contrib non-free
deb http://security.debian.org/ testing/updates
main contrib non-free
deb ftp://non-us.debian.org/debian-non-US unstable/non-US main contrib non-free

I used “dselect” to update the packages list and find extra packages that I wanted installed (such as kde, gdm, anacron, x-window-system, etc.). Installing and upgrading took a while!

Xfree86/Xwindows

I used “xf86config” to configure the system and the vesa driver, though I’m told that both the radeon and ati drivers work. In my experiments with those, I found that text-console colors would get messed up if I switched to one of my text ttys. I have not yet tried to do any 3D work, so I have nothing to report on that front.

My mouse was far too sensitive on first try, and I also wanted to disable X from making use of the console beep. Those were both solved by adding these lines to /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc and /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default :

/usr/bin/X11/xset -b #Disables beeping!
/usr/bin/X11/xset m 0 #Desensitize the mouse.

After installing my custom kernel, I had to add “psmouse” to /etc/modules.

Installing and Configuring Synaptics Touchpad Driver

Install the packages synaptics and qsynaptics. Follow the directions in /usr/share/doc/xfree86-driver-synaptics/README.Debian. The state that you should add:

Load “Synaptics”

to the modules section of /etc/X11/XF86Config-4. It further gives defaults for the mouse driver, such as acceleration, borders, etc. In order to set these how you like them, change the mouse section to use the defaults given:

Section “InputDevice”
Driver
“synaptics”
Identifier “Mouse[1]”
Option
“Device” “/dev/psaux”
Option “Protocol”

“auto-dev”
Option “LeftEdge” “1700″
Option
“RightEdge” “5300″
Option “TopEdge”
“1700″
Option “BottomEdge” “4200″
Option

“FingerLow” “25″
Option “FingerHigh”
“30″
Option “MaxTapTime” “180″
Option
“MaxTapMove” “220″
Option “VertScrollDelta”

“100″
Option “MinSpeed” “0.06″
Option
“MaxSpeed” “0.12″
Option “AccelFactor”
“0.0010″
# Option “SHMConfig” “on”
#
Option “Repeater” “/dev/ps2mouse”
EndSection

Be sure your Identifier matches the one in the Section “ServerLayout”. Uncomment the line about SHMConfig and restart X windows. This will allow you to configure the mouse with qsynaptics in X and see your changes. I changed mine so that the right side of the touchpad scrolls (as it’s designed to do). You can collect the majority of the Option lines for your custom config (so you don’t lose it on reboot) by running “synclient -l”. Each line

SomeValueName = value

Must be changed to the format above….

Option “SomeValueName” “value”

My XF86Config-4 file (Be forewarned: I type using Dvorak, not Qwerty. So if you use this, change “dvorak” to “us” for your Qwerty layout).

Fonts

I noticed that all my fonts seemed to be missing, despite that I had installed several font packages (xfonts-100dpi, xfonts-75dpi, xfonts-base, xfonts-scalable, msttcorefonts). I’m using xfs-xtt for my font server. I edited my XF86Config-4 to change

FontPath “unix/:7100″

into

FontPath “unix/:7110″

Alternately, you could edit /etc/init.d/xfs-xtt to not use port 7110. I believe xfs-xtt defaults to 7100.

I also had to manually add several lines to my xfs-xtt configuration file so it could find all the fonts. See my /etc/X11/fs-xtt/config here.

Audio

I’m using alsa with my ALi card. I simply ran “alsaconf” as root. Note that alsa defaults by muting everything, so be sure to un-mute it (“alsamixer”) and save your settings (“alsactl store”). See my kernel .config under the kernel section for a driver.

Wired Ethernet

Using the natsemi module. The default installation used natsemi (auto-detected) as a module and got it’s IP through DHCP. Perfect.

Wireless Ethernet

There is no native linux driver for this card, but ndiswrapper will properly install the Windows module. Download the Windows driver here.

I had to download the ndiswrapper-source and ndiswrapper-utils packages and build my own module. Use the file “bcmwl5.inf” and follow the instructions on this page. Note, however, that I built a custom kernel before doing this. You may also want a kernel of your own, so you may have to do it again if you switch kernels. If a custom kernel is in your future, go ahead and start on that first. I had to add “ndiswrapper” to /etc/modules.

Custom Kernel

I just discovered the “Debian way” of making custom kernels, which is basically to use the packages “kernel-source-2.x.x” and “kernel-package” to make a Debian package for your

kernel. The package installs seamlessly, adding an extra item to grub’s menu. I downloaded my 2.6.9 source and built a kernel using this Debian system, which turned out to work really well, especially with grub. Instructions for kernel-package can be found here.

My .config file can be found here. This includes ACPI support, which is customizable through the “acpi” and “acpid” packages and related documentation. There’s a nice ACPI How-To floating around out there that will allow you to use the power button and the lid closure to perform actions. Furthermore, with this configuration, the kernel powers off the system on halt, a functionality I didn’t have before.

In order for all the modules to load properly, I had to add “psmouse” to /etc/modules.

In order for ACPI to function, I had to edit /boot/grub/menu.lst to remove “acpi=off”.

Note that this kernel disables console beeps. Hooray.

USB Key, Mouse, Digital Camera

Using that XF86Config-4, the USB mouse works immediately after I plug it in. No special configuration. My /dev/mouse points to /dev/gpmdata, but I don’t know how this might affect things. gpm (the console mouse software) is set to used “device=/dev/psaux” and type “type=autops2”.

The usb key always worked seamlessly. “mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/memstick -t vfat”.

I had all sorts of headaches over my new digital camera until I installed gphoto2 and digikam. I also had to add myself to the camera group in /etc/group.

Contact

e-mail me at dulles at artifex dot org with any questions you may have.

Links

You may want to check out the other docs written about this laptop at Linux on Laptops. I owe much of my success with this laptop to the other documentation about similar models.